How does solar panel work?
Solar power works by converting sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic (PV) cells, which are typically made from silicon. Here's how it works:
Photovoltaic Effect: When sunlight hits a solar panel, it excites the electrons in the silicon cells, causing them to move and creating an electric current. This phenomenon is known as the photovoltaic effect.
Generation of Direct Current (DC) Electricity: The electric current generated by the solar panels is in the form of direct current (DC) electricity. However, most homes and businesses use alternating current (AC) electricity, so the DC electricity produced by the solar panels must be converted into AC electricity using an inverter.
Inverter: The inverter converts the DC electricity generated by the solar panels into AC electricity, which can be used to power household appliances, lights, and other electrical devices.
Connection to the Grid: In grid-tied solar energy systems, the AC electricity generated by the solar panels can be used to power the building's electrical loads. Any excess electricity that is not immediately used is fed back into the electrical grid, often earning the solar panel owner credits on their electricity bill through net metering programs.
Storage (Optional): In off-grid solar energy systems or systems with battery storage, any excess electricity generated by the solar panels can be stored in batteries for later use, such as during periods of low sunlight or at night when the solar panels are not generating electricity.
